Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate refers to the era of Muslim rule in northern India that lasted for over 300 years (1206-1526). During this period, five distinct dynasties ruled from Delhi, leaving a lasting legacy on architecture, administration, and the spread of Islam in the region.

• Slave (Mamluk) Dynasty (1206-1290): Founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, the first Muslim ruler to establish a permanent capital in Delhi.
• Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320): Known for the market reforms and military conquests of Alauddin Khilji.
• Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414): Known for the administrative experiments of Muhammad bin Tughlaq and the public works of Feroz Shah Tughlaq.
• Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451): A brief period of rule after the invasion of Timur.
• Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526): The final dynasty, founded by Bahlul Lodi; ended by the Mughal conquest.

• Qutb-ud-din Aibak was a general of Shahab-ud-din Ghori and is buried in Lahore (Anarkali).
• Razia Sultana, the daughter of Iltutmish, was the first and only female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.
• Alauddin Khilji introduced the first effective price-control system and a vast network of spies to monitor the markets.
• Muhammad bin Tughlaq is often called the "Wise Fool" because his ambitious plans, like introducing token currency (copper coins), failed due to poor execution.
• The First Battle of Panipat (1526) marked the end of the Delhi Sultanate when Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi.

• Q: Who founded the Slave Dynasty?
• A: Qutb-ud-din Aibak.
• Q: Who was the only female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate?
• A: Razia Sultana.
• Q: Which ruler is famous for shifting the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad?
• A: Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
• Q: In which battle did the Delhi Sultanate end?
• A: The First Battle of Panipat (1526).

"Which dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate was the shortest in terms of duration?"

A) Slave Dynasty

B) Tughlaq Dynasty

C) Khilji Dynasty

D) Lodi Dynasty

(Correct: C - Khilji Dynasty [1290-1320])